Case Study: A Data-Driven Approach to IAQ Management in Schools

Photo by David McElwee, Pexels

The Lakes International Language Academy case study is an example of how IAQ solutions can be implemented systematically using targeted interventions, maximizing results in pursuit of student health outcomes. 

Introduction

Effective Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) management is critical for the health and academic success of students. However, educational institutions often face resource constraints that can hinder their ability to address IAQ issues.

This case study, based on a partnership between the American Lung Association and the Lakes International Language Academy and supported by Carrier, demonstrates an effective and accessible framework for implementing data-driven IAQ assessments and targeted interventions.

Photo by Alex Green, Pexels 

The Assessment Process: Combining Data and On-Site Experience

Motivated by a post-pandemic desire for improved IAQ practices and data transparency, the school district partnered with the American Lung Association to develop a comprehensive management plan. The process was designed to be multifaceted, recognizing that quantitative data must be contextualized with qualitative user experience.

The assessment included:

Quantitative Data Collection: 137 air monitoring sensors were installed across the district’s three campuses to gather environmental data.

Qualitative Data Collection: The team conducted building walkthroughs and interviewed teachers and administrators to understand usage patterns and gather first-hand observations.

This dual approach of gathering both “hard” sensor data and “soft” anecdotal data proved essential for identifying potential issues and confirming them with objective measurements.

Findings: Pinpointing Specific Opportunities for Improvement

The assessment confirmed that the school’s existing IAQ protocols—including clean air exchange rates, HVAC maintenance schedules, and regular inspections—generally maintained a satisfactory classroom environment.

The data-driven approach allowed the team to move beyond generalities and identify specific, localized issues:

Occupancy-Related Fluctuations: Sensor data revealed that CO2 and temperature levels occasionally exceeded recommended guidelines during hours of peak occupancy, particularly in the mid to late afternoon.

Specific Pollutant Sources: Teacher reports, corroborated by site visits, identified two primary odor sources: car exhaust from student pick-up and drop-off areas, and a laminating machine suspected of being a source of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs).

Photo: Carrier

Solutions: Targeted, Low-Cost Interventions

By backing up observations with sensor data, the school was able to develop targeted and efficient interventions rather than pursuing costly, system-wide overhauls.

Informed Ventilation Schedules: The discovery of predictable afternoon CO2 peaks allowed staff to proactively adjust HVAC settings and encourage window use based on daily usage patterns, optimizing air quality when it was most needed.

Source-Specific Policies: Identifying the car exhaust and laminator as specific sources enabled targeted measures. This could include implementing a no-idling policy for vehicles and reviewing procurement policies for school equipment and supplies to select lower-VOC options.

Conclusion: A Model for Resource-Efficient IAQ Management

This case study illustrates that even resource-constrained organizations can effectively manage IAQ. By formalizing a strategic plan that integrates quantitative data with user feedback, schools can create written, institutionalized policies that work with existing maintenance procedures.

This approach ensures the most efficient use of time and manpower by providing actionable recommendations that address confirmed problems, demonstrating that effective IAQ management solutions are readily available and achievable.